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# Index: D

daemons : 1.14. The Kernel and Daemons
  controlling terminal and : 38.6. The Controlling Terminal
  restarting with the kill command : 38.11. Printer Queue Watcher: A Restartable Daemon Shell Script
dashes : (see - (hyphen))
databases
  created using awk : 48.10. Working with Names and Addresses
  index program for creating : 48.11. The index Database Program
  searching : 17.19. Finding Files (Much) Faster with a find Database
date : (see time)
date command
  7.12. External Commands Send Signals to Set Variables
  16.16. Picking a Unique Filename Automatically
  21.14. Automatically Appending the Date to a Filename
  51.10. The date Command
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
  cal program using : 48.7. cal That Marks Today's Date
  examples : 51.10. The date Command
day-of-month in crontab entries : 40.12.1. Execution Scheduling
dbm files : 24.18. Huge Files Might Not Take a Lot of Disk Space
dc program
  49.1. bc: Simple Math at the Shell Prompt
  (see also calculators)
DCL : (see VAX/VMS command language)
dd command
  35.6. Low-Level File Butchery with dd
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
  performance and : 20.6. Writing a Tape Drive on a Remote Machine
  restoring from remote tape drives : 20.5. Using tar to a Remote Tape Drive
dd utility
  35.12. Converting Between ASCII and EBCDIC
  35.13. Other Conversions with dd
dead processes : (see zombies)
debugging
  44.9. Testing Your Success
  (see also errors; standard error)
  Bourne shell scripts
    44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement
    46.1. Tips for Debugging Shell Scripts
  echo command used for : 46.2. Quoting Trouble? Think, Then Use echo
  output
    46.1.1. Use -xv
    (see also standard output)
  piping to pager : 46.1.1. Use -xv
debugging output : 46.1.1. Use -xv
decimals, ASCII character conversion : 45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command
decryption : (see encryption)
<defunct> status under System V : 38.10. Destroying Processes with kill
DEL (to interrupt) : 41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?)
del script
  23.6. A Faster Way to Remove Files Interactively
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
DELETE : 41.2.2. Handling Most Characters
delete command : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
delete command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands
delete command (ex) : 33.4. Useful ex Commands
DELETE key
  deleting on command line : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase
  erase character : 51.6. Cleaning script Files
  location for : 2.13. A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup
delete script : 23.9. delete: Protecting Files from Accidental Deletion
deleting
  directories
    23.17. Problems Deleting Directories
    23.18. How Making and Deleting Directories Works
    50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages
  errors caused by : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages
  files
    1.15. Filenames
    21.11. Safer Removing, Moving, and Copying
    23.2. rm and Its Dangers
    23.5. Remove Some, Leave Some
    23.10. Deletion with Prejudice: rm -f
    45.10. Removing a File Once It's Opened - for Security and Easy Cleanup
    "by : 23.21. Removing Every File but One
    by last access date : 23.20. Deleting Stale Files
    emptying files instead of : 24.1. Instead of Removing a File, Empty It
    find command and : 23.22. Using find to Clear Out Unneeded Files
    by i-number : 23.16. Removing a Strange File by its I-number
    interactively : 23.6. A Faster Way to Remove Files Interactively
    safeguards against
      20.13. SCCS Basics
      21.11. Safer Removing, Moving, and Copying
      23.7. Safer File Deletion in Some Directories
      23.9. delete: Protecting Files from Accidental Deletion
    with special filename characters : 23.11. Deleting Files with Odd Names
    with unlink command : 23.15. Using unlink to Remove a File with a Strange Name
  man pages : 23.19. Deleting (BSD) Manual Pages that Aren't Read
  whitespace
    25.9. Adding and Deleting White Space
    25.13. pushin: Squeeze Out Extra White Space
  wildcards and : 23.2. rm and Its Dangers
delta command (SCCS) : 20.13. SCCS Basics
deroff command : 29.10. Just the Words, Please
detaching sessions : 3.7. Detaching a Session with screen
/dev directory : 13.1. Using Standard Input and Output
  /dev/tty file
    examples : 47.2.1.1. Writing Files
  /dev/null file
    examples
      44.10.2. Looping Until a Command Fails
      45.36. Shell Lockfile
  /dev/null file
    13.14. What Can You Do with an Empty File?
    13.15. What to Do with a Full Bit Bucket :-)
  /dev/tty file : 13.3. Send (only) Standard Error Down a Pipe
  /dev/zero file : 13.14. What Can You Do with an Empty File?
device drivers, resetting : 38.15. Cleaning Up an Unkillable Process
device numbers : 17.22. Finding the Links to a File
df command
  17.22. Finding the Links to a File
  24.9. How Much Disk Space?
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
  examples : 45.30.4. Using sed
dialback script : 9.26.1. Dialback
dictionary files : 29.1. The UNIX spell Command
  adding to : 29.5. Adding Words to ispell's Dictionary
diff command
  2.14. motd.diff: Show New Lines in Login Messages
  28.1. Checking Differences with diff
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
  (see also bdiff command; ediff command)
  -c option : 28.3. Context diffs
  -e option
    28.1. Checking Differences with diff
    28.9. ex Scripts Built by diff
  example : 33.6. Change Many Files by Editing Just One
  -f option : 16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp
  -h option : 28.7. diff for Very Long Files: bdiff
  -t option : 28.10. Problems with diff and Tabstops
diff3 script
  28.2. Comparing Three Different Versions with diff3
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
diffmk command : 28.15. Show Changes in a troff File with diffmk
dir_path script
  16.21. Finding All Directories with the Same Name
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
dircmp command : 16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp
directories : 23.18. How Making and Deleting Directories Works
  !$ sequence and : 11.3. My Favorite Is !$
  absolute pathnames and : 14.2. Using Relative and Absolute Pathnames
  access to : 1.25. Access to Directories
  advantages of : 4.7. Make More Directories!
  archives/backups of
    20.1. tar in a Nutshell
    20.8.1. Including Other Directories
  automatic setup of : 14.14. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory
  CD-ROM packages : 52.5.3.1. Directory Structure
  changing : 14.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath
  copying/moving files to : 21.12. Copying Files to a Directory
  creating : 4.8. Making Directories Made Easier
  current
    10.9. Shell Functions
    14.3. What Good Is a Current Directory?
    14.4. How Does UNIX Find Your Current Directory?
    14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really?
  current working : 38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts
  deleting
    23.17. Problems Deleting Directories
    50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages
  directory stack : 14.6. The Shells' pushd and popd Commands
  emacs hacks : 4.4. Directories for Emacs Hacks
  file representation in : 18.2. What's Really in a Directory
  files in : 1.19. The Tree Structure of the Filesystem
  finding : 14.10. Variables Help You Find Directories and Files
  home
    1.20. Your Home Directory
    14.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly
    (see home directories)
  linking : 18.7. Linking Directories
  links to : 18.4.2. Links to a Directory
  listing at top of screen : 21.10. Keep a Directory Listing at Top of the Screen: dirtop
  listing contents of : 16.8. The ls -d Option
  matching with wildcards : 15.10. Wildcards that Match Only Directories
  names of : 45.18.1. Introduction to basename and dirname
  notification of change to : 21.8.1.3. Watching Directories
  ownership
    22.2.1. User, Group, and World
    22.3. Who Will Own a New File?
  parsing from pathnames : 16.17. Getting Directory Name from a File's Pathname
  permissions
    21.14. Automatically Appending the Date to a Filename
    (see permissions)
  printing files to : 9.5. Build Strings with { }
  private
    4.5. Private (Personal) Directories
    4.7. Make More Directories!
  redundantly named : 16.21. Finding All Directories with the Same Name
  remotely mounted : 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In
  root : (see root directory)
  safer file deletion in : 23.7. Safer File Deletion in Some Directories
  in search path : 8.7. Setting Your Search Path
  subdirectories : 1.20. Your Home Directory
    creating : 9.5. Build Strings with { }
    links in : 18.4.2. Links to a Directory
    listing with ls -R : 16.4. List All Subdirectories with ls -R
  on tape drives : 20.4.1. Restoring a Few Files
  temporary files : (see /tmp directory)
  temporary changes in : 13.7.2. Temporary Change of Directory and Environment
  trees of
    16.19. stree: Simple Directory Tree
    16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp
    16.23. Comparing Filenames in Two Directory Trees
    (see trees, directory)
    find command and : 17.2. Delving Through a Deep Directory Tree
  trimming : 24.15. Trimming a Directory
"directory not empty" error message : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages
directory stacks : 14.6. The Shells' pushd and popd Commands
  in arrays : 47.5. Using C Shell Arrays
directory structure : 52.5.3.1. Directory Structure
dirname command
  16.17. Getting Directory Name from a File's Pathname
  45.18. Using basename and dirname
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
  bugs in : 45.18.1. Introduction to basename and dirname
  examples : 45.18. Using basename and dirname
  loops using : 45.18.2. Use with Loops
dirs command
  14.6. The Shells' pushd and popd Commands
  14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really?
  output in prompt setting : 7.11. dirs in Your Prompt: Better than $cwd
dirtop script
  21.10. Keep a Directory Listing at Top of the Screen: dirtop
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
disk bandwidth issues
  forms : 39.12.3. The I/O Subsystem
disk quotas
  22.20. Why Can't You Change File Ownership Under BSD UNIX?
  24.17. Disk Quotas
disk space
  compressed files and : (see compressed files)
  emptyig files and : 24.1. Instead of Removing a File, Empty It
  hard links vs. symbolic links : 14.14. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory
  links and : 24.4. Save Space with a Link
  log files and : 24.2. Save Space with Bit Bucket Log Files and Mailboxes
  memory contention : 39.12.2. The Memory Subsystem
  reports on : 24.9. How Much Disk Space?
  strip command and : 24.13. Save Space in Executable Files with strip
  trimming directories and : 24.15. Trimming a Directory
  unlinking open files and : 24.3. Unlinking Open Files Isn't a Good Idea
  vtree program and : 16.20. The vtree Visual Directory Tree Programs
DISPLAY environment variable
  2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals
  6.3. Predefined Environment Variables
display, vis compared to : 51.7. When You Get Impatient
ditroff program : 43.13. The Text Formatters nroff, troff, ditroff, ...
do command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands
doctor program : 32.13. An Absurd Amusement
documentation : (see manual pages)
dollar sign : (see $)
done command : 50.3. apropos on Systems Without apropos
dot : (see .)
dot files : 16.11. Showing Hidden Files with ls -A and -a
  matching with wildcards : 15.5. Matching All "Dot Files" with Wildcards
double quotes : (see ")
double-spacing text : 25.12. Double Space, Triple Space ...
doublespace script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
Dougherty, Dale : 1.7. Power Grows on You
du command
  24.9. How Much Disk Space?
  52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc
dump utility : 1.23. File Access Permissions
dup, file descriptors : 47.2.1.1. Writing Files
duplicate lines, deleting
  35.20. Quick Reference: uniq
  36.6. Miscellaneous sort Hints
DVI format documentation : 52.5.3.4. Installing a Single Program

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