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| Chapter 12 Nroff and Troff |

## 12.5 Group Summary of Requests

As an aid to finding the right request for a particular task, the 84 nroff/troff requests are listed below by subject:

### 12.5.1 Character Output

.cu | Continuous underline/italicize.
.lg | Ligature mode.
.tr | Translate characters.
.uf | Set font for underlining.
.ul | Underline/italicize.

### 12.5.2 Conditional Processing

.el | Else portion of if-else.
.ie | If portion of if-else.
.if | If statement.

### 12.5.3 Customizing Troff/Nroff Requests

.c2 | Set no-break control character.
.cc | Set control character.
.ec | Set escape character.
.eo | Turn off escape character.
.hc | Set hyphenation character.
.pc | Set page character.

### 12.5.4 Diagnostic Output

.ab | Print a message, then abort.
.fl | Flush output buffer.
.ig | Suppress (ignore) text in output.
.mc | Set the margin character.
.pm | Print name and size of macros.
.tm | Print a message, then continue.

### 12.5.5 Font and Character Size

.bd | Embolden font.
.cs | Set constant-width spacing.
.fp | Mount font (on positions 1-4).
.ft | Set font.
.ps | Set point size.
.ss | Set character spacing.

### 12.5.6 Horizontal Positioning

.in | Indent.
.ll | Set line length.
.lt | Set length of title.
.po | Change page offset.
.ti | Indent next line.
.tl | Specify three-part title.

### 12.5.7 Hyphenation

.hw | Set hard-coded hyphenation.
.hy | Set hyphenation mode.
.nh | Turn of hyphenation.

### 12.5.8 Input/Output Switching

.cf | Copy raw file to output.
.ex | Exit from nroff/troff.
.nx | Go to a file.
.pi | Pipe output to a UNIX command.
.rd | Read from the terminal.
.so | Go to a file, then return.
.sy | Execute a UNIX command.

### 12.5.9 Line Numbering

.nm | Line-numbering mode.
.nn | Don't number lines.

### 12.5.10 Macro and String Processing

.am | Append to a macro.
.as | Append to a string.
.ch | Change trap position.
.da | Divert text; append to a macro.
.de | Define a macro.
.di | Divert text to a macro.
.ds | Define a string.
.dt | Set a diversion trap.
.em | Set the ending macro.
.ev | Change environment.
.it | Set trap for input line counting.
.rm | Remove macro, request, or string.
.rn | Rename macro, request, or string.
.wh | Set a page trap.

### 12.5.11 Number Registers

.af | Assign a format to a register.
.nr | Define a number register.
.rr | Remove a number register.

### 12.5.12 Pagination

.bp | Begin a new page.
.mk | Mark vertical position.
.ne | Keep lines on same page if there's room.
.pl | Set page length.
.pn | Set page number.
.rt | Return to marked vertical place.

### 12.5.13 Tabs

.fc | Set a field delimiter and a pad character.
.lc | Set leader character.
.ta | Define tab settings.
.tc | Set tab character.

### 12.5.14 Text Adjustments

.ad | Adjust margins.
.br | Break the output line.
.ce | Center lines.
.fi | Fill lines.
.na | Don't adjust margins.
.nf | Don't fill lines.

### 12.5.15 Vertical Spacing

.ls | Line spacing (e.g., single-spaced).
.ns | Enable no-space mode.
.os | Output vertical space from .sv.
.rs | Restore spacing mode.
.sp | Output blank spacing.
.sv | Save (store) spacing.
.vs | Set vertical spacing for lines.

12.4 Default Operation of Requests |  | 12.6 Alphabetical Summary of Requests