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| Chapter 21 |

# 21. ASCII Character Set

This section presents the set of ASCII characters, along with their equivalent values in decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. The first table shows nonprinting characters. This table would be useful when you need to represent nonprinting characters in some printed form, such as octal. For example, the `echo` and `tr` commands let you specify characters using octal values of the form \nnn. Also, the `od` command can be used to display nonprinting characters in a variety of forms.

The second table shows printing characters. This table would be useful when using the commands mentioned above, but also when specifying a range of characters in a pattern-matching construct.

Table 21.1: Nonprinting Characters
Decimal | Octal | Hex | Character | Remark
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
0 | 000 | 00 | CTRL-@ | NUL (Null prompt)
1 | 001 | 01 | CTRL-A | SOH (Start of heading)
2 | 002 | 02 | CTRL-B | STX (Start of text)
3 | 003 | 03 | CTRL-C | ETX (End of text)
4 | 004 | 04 | CTRL-D | EOT (End of transmission)
5 | 005 | 05 | CTRL-E | ENQ (Enquiry)
6 | 006 | 06 | CTRL-F | ACK (Acknowledge)
7 | 007 | 07 | CTRL-G | BEL (Bell)
8 | 010 | 08 | CTRL-H | BS (Backspace)
9 | 011 | 09 | CTRL-I | HT (Horizontal tab)
10 | 012 | 0A | CTRL-J | LF (Linefeed)
11 | 013 | 0B | CTRL-K | VT (Vertical tab)
12 | 014 | 0C | CTRL-L | NP (New page) or FF (Formfeed)
13 | 015 | 0D | CTRL-M | CR (Carriage return)
14 | 016 | 0E | CTRL-N | SO (Shift out)
15 | 017 | 0F | CTRL-O | SI (Shift in)
16 | 020 | 10 | CTRL-P | DLE (Data link escape)
17 | 021 | 11 | CTRL-Q | DC1 (X-ON)
18 | 022 | 12 | CTRL-R | DC2
19 | 023 | 13 | CTRL-S | DC3 (X-OFF)
20 | 024 | 14 | CTRL-T | DC4
21 | 025 | 15 | CTRL-U | NAK (No acknowledge)
22 | 026 | 16 | CTRL-V | SYN (Synchronous idle)
23 | 027 | 17 | CTRL-W | ETB (End transmission blocks)
24 | 030 | 18 | CTRL-X | CAN (Cancel)
25 | 031 | 19 | CTRL-Y | EM (End of medium)
26 | 032 | 1A | CTRL-Z | SUB (Substitute)
27 | 033 | 1B | CTRL-[ | ESC (Escape)
28 | 034 | 1C | CTRL-\ | FS (File separator)
29 | 035 | 1D | CTRL-] | GS (Group separator)
30 | 036 | 1E | CTRL-^ | RS (Record separator)
31 | 037 | 1F | CTRL-_ | US (Unit separator)
127 | 177 | 7F |  | DEL (Delete or rubout)

Table 21.2: Printing Characters
Decimal | Octal | Hex | Character | Remark
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
32 | 040 | 20 |  | Space
33 | 041 | 21 | `!` | Exclamation Point
34 | 042 | 22 | `"` | Double quote
35 | 043 | 23 | # | Sharp Sign
36 | 044 | 24 | $ | Dollar Sign
37 | 045 | 25 | % | Percent Sign
38 | 046 | 26 | & | Ampersand
39 | 047 | 27 | `'` | Apostrophe
40 | 050 | 28 | ( | Left Parenthesis
41 | 051 | 29 | ) | Right Parenthesis
42 | 052 | 2A | * | Asterisk
43 | 053 | 2B | + | Plus Sign
44 | 054 | 2C | `,` | Comma
45 | 055 | 2D | - | Hyphen
46 | 056 | 2E | `.` | Period
47 | 057 | 2F | / | Slash (Virgule)
48 | 060 | 30 | 0 |
49 | 061 | 31 | 1 |
50 | 062 | 32 | 2 |
51 | 063 | 33 | 3 |
52 | 064 | 34 | 4 |
53 | 065 | 35 | 5 |
54 | 066 | 36 | 6 |
55 | 067 | 37 | 7 |
56 | 070 | 38 | 8 |
57 | 071 | 39 | 9 |
58 | 072 | 3A | `:` | Colon
59 | 073 | 3B | `;` | Semicolon
60 | 074 | 3C | < | Left Angle Bracket
61 | 075 | 3D | &= | Equal Sign
62 | 076 | 3E | > | Right Angle Bracket
63 | 077 | 3F | ? | Question Mark
64 | 100 | 40 | @ | "At" Sign
65 | 101 | 41 | A |
66 | 102 | 42 | B |
67 | 103 | 43 | C |
68 | 104 | 44 | D |
69 | 105 | 45 | E |
70 | 106 | 46 | F |
71 | 107 | 47 | G |
72 | 110 | 48 | H |
73 | 111 | 49 | I |
74 | 112 | 4A | J |
75 | 113 | 4B | K |
76 | 114 | 4C | L |
77 | 115 | 4D | M |
78 | 116 | 4E | N |
79 | 117 | 4F | O |
80 | 120 | 50 | P |
81 | 121 | 51 | Q |
82 | 122 | 52 | R |
83 | 123 | 53 | S |
84 | 124 | 54 | T |
85 | 125 | 55 | U |
86 | 126 | 56 | V |
87 | 127 | 57 | W |
88 | 130 | 58 | X |
89 | 131 | 59 | Y |
90 | 132 | 5A | Z |
91 | 133 | 5B | [ | Left Square Bracket
92 | 134 | 5C | \ | Backslash
93 | 135 | 5D | ] | Right Square Bracket
94 | 136 | 5E | &^ | Caret
95 | 137 | 5F | &_ | Underscore
96 | 140 | 60 | ``` | Back Quote
97 | 141 | 61 | a |
98 | 142 | 62 | b |
99 | 143 | 63 | c |
100 | 144 | 64 | d |
101 | 145 | 65 | e |
102 | 146 | 66 | f |
103 | 147 | 67 | g |
104 | 150 | 68 | h |
105 | 151 | 69 | i |
106 | 152 | 6A | j |
107 | 153 | 6B | k |
108 | 154 | 6C | l |
109 | 155 | 6D | m |
110 | 156 | 6E | n |
111 | 157 | 6F | o |
112 | 160 | 70 | p |
113 | 161 | 71 | q |
114 | 162 | 72 | r |
115 | 163 | 73 | s |
116 | 164 | 74 | t |
117 | 165 | 75 | u |
118 | 166 | 76 | v |
119 | 167 | 77 | w |
120 | 170 | 78 | x |
121 | 171 | 79 | y |
122 | 172 | 7A | z |
123 | 173 | 7B | { | Left Curly Brace
124 | 174 | 7C | | | Vertical Bar
125 | 175 | 7D | } | Right Curly Brace
126 | 176 | 7E | `~` | Tilde

20.2 The Dbx Debugger |  |